{"id":14399,"date":"2024-08-02T10:39:05","date_gmt":"2024-08-02T16:39:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bridge.edu\/tefl\/blog\/?p=14399"},"modified":"2024-08-09T07:47:53","modified_gmt":"2024-08-09T13:47:53","slug":"what-is-clil","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bridge.edu\/tefl\/blog\/what-is-clil\/","title":{"rendered":"What Is CLIL? The Global Trend in Bilingual Education Explained"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;\" class=\"sharethis-inline-share-buttons\" ><\/div>\n<p>Bilingual education isn\u2019t just for bilingual communities. Thanks to research that shows learning a second language has benefits for just about everyone, schools all over the world are looking for ways to bring these benefits to their students. One increasingly popular bilingual education teaching approach is the <a href=\"https:\/\/bridge.edu\/tefl\/blog\/benefits-of-clil\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">CLIL methodology<\/a>. What is CLIL? A simple explanation is that CLIL integrates content subject learning with language learning. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>However, to take advantage of this integrative approach, teachers and school administrations need a thorough understanding of the theories behind it as well as proper training on how to apply those theories in concrete ways within their institution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>If you\u2019re new to teaching, you\u2019ll want to get initial training and qualification with a <a href=\"https:\/\/bridge.edu\/tefl\/courses\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">TEFL certificate<\/a>. You can explore our <a href=\"https:\/\/bridge.edu\/tefl\/online-tefl-certification\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">online TEFL courses<\/a> to get started!<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_80 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/bridge.edu\/tefl\/blog\/what-is-clil\/#What_does_CLIL_stand_for_and_encompass\" >What does CLIL stand for and encompass? &nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/bridge.edu\/tefl\/blog\/what-is-clil\/#What_are_the_origins_of_CLIL_and_where_is_this_method_gaining_popularity\" >What are the origins of CLIL, and where is this method gaining popularity?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/bridge.edu\/tefl\/blog\/what-is-clil\/#What_are_the_core_features_of_CLIL_methodology\" >What are the core features of CLIL methodology?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/bridge.edu\/tefl\/blog\/what-is-clil\/#What_are_the_aims_of_CLIL\" >What are the aims of CLIL?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/bridge.edu\/tefl\/blog\/what-is-clil\/#How_does_CLIL_fit_into_bilingual_education_Whats_the_difference_between_CLIL_and_EMI_%E2%80%9CEnglish_as_the_medium_of_instruction%E2%80%9D\" >How does CLIL fit into bilingual education?&nbsp;What\u2019s the difference between CLIL and EMI (\u201cEnglish as the medium of instruction\u201d)?&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/bridge.edu\/tefl\/blog\/what-is-clil\/#Who_is_CLIL_suited_for\" >Who is CLIL suited for?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/bridge.edu\/tefl\/blog\/what-is-clil\/#What_kind_of_programs_can_use_CLIL\" >What kind of programs can use CLIL?&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/bridge.edu\/tefl\/blog\/what-is-clil\/#What_are_the_benefits_of_CLIL_What_kind_of_results_does_it_provide_to_learners\" >What are the benefits of CLIL? What kind of results does it provide to learners?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_does_CLIL_stand_for_and_encompass\"><\/span>What does CLIL stand for and encompass?<strong> &nbsp;<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>CLIL stands for <a href=\"https:\/\/bridge.edu\/tefl\/courses\/specialized\/content-language-integrated-learning\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Content and Language Integrated Learning<\/a>. This means studying another subject (for example, science, history, or literature) and learning a language, such as English, at the same time \u2014 integrating the two subjects. The definition is broad because the integration can happen in many different ways.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Professor Do Coyle, who together with education researcher and author Dr. David Marsh coined the term CLIL, explains, \u201c[T]here isn\u2019t just one model. \u2026 It can be a theme. It can be principles. You can spend a lot of time on this or a short time on this. But the fundamental principle of CLIL is that there is an integration between using language to learn and learning to use language through the development of content.\u201d In this article, we\u2019ll explore what exactly that means and, in particular, how it\u2019s used in English language teaching.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Level up your professional development with <a href=\"https:\/\/bridge.edu\/tefl\/blog\/expert-series-webinars\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Bridge Expert Series webinars<\/a>, both live and on-demand, that explore a range of topics including the <a href=\"https:\/\/bridge.edu\/tefl\/expertseries\/video-lesson\/course\/clil-bilingual-education\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">CLIL approach in bilingual education<\/a>.  <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_are_the_origins_of_CLIL_and_where_is_this_method_gaining_popularity\"><\/span>What are the origins of CLIL, and where is this method gaining popularity?<strong> <\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Although the term \u201cCLIL\u201d is modern, the technique is as old as learning itself. Any time someone learned about something else \u2014 engineering, art, cooking \u2014 while they learned and practiced a foreign language, they were using CLIL, even if they didn\u2019t realize it!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The approach became more formalized in the 1960s, in language immersion programs in Canada and with Languages Across the Curriculum (LAC) programs and Foreign Languages Across the Curriculum (FLAC) programs in the UK and the US. Many of these classes involved native English speakers studying a subject in a foreign language and included study-abroad programs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>David Marsh and Do Coyle came up with the term CLIL in the mid-1990s, at a time when governments, schools, and individuals were all starting to realize the importance of knowing more than one language. The movement was especially strong in Europe, and it\u2019s growing around the world in response to globalization.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><a href=\"https:\/\/bridge.edu\/tefl\/blog\/how-long-does-it-take-to-learn-a-language\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Read about how long it takes to learn a language and the factors that can influence the time required.<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"550\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/bridge.edu\/tefl\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/What-is-CLIL.jpg\" alt=\"a teacher leans over a boy working on a workbook assignment\" class=\"wp-image-32755\" style=\"width:550px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/bridge.edu\/tefl\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/What-is-CLIL.jpg 550w, https:\/\/bridge.edu\/tefl\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/What-is-CLIL-480x349.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"auto, (min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 550px, 100vw\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_are_the_core_features_of_CLIL_methodology\"><\/span>What are the core features of CLIL methodology?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A successful CLIL program depends on the cooperation between language teachers and content teachers. Each is an expert in their own field, so they need to share both their respective principles and information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The content teacher<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A <strong>content teacher<\/strong> is someone who teaches a subject \u2014 for example, music, architecture, or biology. However, using CLIL as an approach is more than just switching to English to teach another subject. Content teachers are not normally experts in language acquisition or pedagogy. Therefore, to teach their subjects, content teachers usually require some amount of training and might also use both their students\u2019 native language and English, a technique known as <em>translanguaging<\/em>. They\u2019ll also depend on the support of the language teacher.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The language teacher<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The <strong>language teacher<\/strong> is primarily responsible for teaching English (or another language), but in CLIL methodology, he or she also supports the content teacher by <a href=\"https:\/\/bridge.edu\/tefl\/blog\/teach-esl-vocabulary\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">introducing relevant vocabulary<\/a> and functional language related to a given subject (history or biology, for example) and by emphasizing <a href=\"https:\/\/bridge.edu\/tefl\/blog\/teaching-critical-thinking-skills-esl-classroom\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">critical thinking<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As an example, think of an earth science class. The content teacher explains the water cycle through pictures, demonstrations, English, and if necessary, the student\u2019s first language (or L1). In tandem, the English teacher might cover language for explaining sequences and processes <em>(first, next, then, after that),<\/em> language for cause and effect <em>(because of, due to, results in),<\/em> and word forms <em>(vapor, evaporate, evaporation).<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Coordination of the two<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>On the institutional level, a successful CLIL program needs a <strong>cooperative organizational structure<\/strong>, which means there has to be a way for the content teacher and the language teacher to work with each other, such as a set place and time to meet and coordinate lessons.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This is helped by a <strong>supportive school administration <\/strong>that is willing to provide comprehensive CLIL training, appropriate materials, adequate funding, and time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Finally, the program will depend on <strong>willing students and parents<\/strong> who understand the program&#8217;s methods and goals. Students might need to work in new and unfamiliar ways, so it\u2019s important that they and their families trust the teachers and the program.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><a href=\"https:\/\/bridge.edu\/tefl\/blog\/clil-lesson-plans\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Explore engaging sample CLIL lesson plans for the ESL\/EFL classroom.<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_are_the_aims_of_CLIL\"><\/span>What are the aims of CLIL? <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Although different programs and classes will of course have their own goals, broadly speaking, all CLIL programs aim to increase students\u2019 subject-area knowledge while at the same time improving their knowledge of and skills in the target language. In addition, students should improve their ability to learn and come to understand and appreciate a new culture. Finally, students should not lose ground in their native language. They\u2019re adding a new language, not replacing the one they already know.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"337\" src=\"https:\/\/bridge.edu\/tefl\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/tefl-classroom-2-730x410-1.jpg\" alt=\"young students interact with their teacher\" class=\"wp-image-28739\" style=\"width:550px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/bridge.edu\/tefl\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/tefl-classroom-2-730x410-1.jpg 600w, https:\/\/bridge.edu\/tefl\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/tefl-classroom-2-730x410-1-480x270.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"auto, (min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 600px, 100vw\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_does_CLIL_fit_into_bilingual_education_Whats_the_difference_between_CLIL_and_EMI_%E2%80%9CEnglish_as_the_medium_of_instruction%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>How does CLIL fit into bilingual education?&nbsp;What\u2019s the difference between CLIL and EMI (\u201cEnglish as the medium of instruction\u201d)?<strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Think of bilingual education \u2014 education involving two languages \u2014 as a broad field that can encompass different programs and approaches. Some of the other main approaches share some features with CLIL, although they have differences as well. Here are some of the most common approaches that you might hear about and how they are similar to and different from CLIL.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">CBI<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>CBI, which stands for <strong>Content-Based Instruction<\/strong>, refers to learning about a subject using the target language. Some people say that CLIL is a type of CBI, although, in a true CLIL program, there is a stronger emphasis on the content. In a CBI course, students might use a textbook with a unit about history, then a unit about communication, then a unit about economics, and so on. However, the history teacher would not be teaching in English at the same time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">ESP<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>ESP, which stands for <strong>English for Specific Purposes<\/strong>, teaches students the vocabulary and functions they need for certain fields. Often it is job- or career-focused. Example courses include English for Hospitality Workers or English for Air Traffic Controllers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">EMI<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>EMI, which stands for <strong>English as the Medium of Instruction<\/strong>, refers to language immersion courses where all instruction occurs in the target language. This covers everything from language immersion summer camps to international schools that conduct all of their classes in the target language, where students either must demonstrate proficiency in the target language to be admitted or, if their level is low, seek out additional instruction or tutoring. Unlike a CLIL approach, EMI programs discourage the use of students\u2019 native language.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><a href=\"https:\/\/bridge.edu\/tefl\/blog\/rise-of-clil-in-global-education-systems\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Read about the rise of CLIL in global education systems.<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Who_is_CLIL_suited_for\"><\/span>Who is CLIL suited for?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Students<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Just about any type of student can benefit from a CLIL approach. It has been used with all ages and ability levels. That doesn\u2019t mean that every student will be successful in a CLIL class, any more than every student is successful in <em>any<\/em> class, but the factors limiting a student\u2019s success are not tied to the CLIL approach.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Teachers<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>CLIL courses can take time and energy to prepare and carry out. A good CLIL teacher is someone who is committed to the approach and is hard-working, dedicated, and passionate about their students. In addition, a CLIL teacher should be skilled at communication and flexibility because cooperating with the subject-area teacher is essential.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Subjects<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>While almost any subject can be taught through a CLIL approach, the most suited involve student cooperation and have a cultural aspect to them. Some examples are the social sciences, the arts, many trades, and some sciences such as biology and chemistry. One study found that math and physics were less suited to a CLIL approach because of their technical nature. A CLIL approach in these classes would probably rely more heavily on L1 use.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/bridge.edu\/tefl\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/MohammedHashiru_1-L.jpg\" alt=\"a teacher and teen students in a small group setting\" class=\"wp-image-5073\" style=\"width:550px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/bridge.edu\/tefl\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/MohammedHashiru_1-L.jpg 800w, https:\/\/bridge.edu\/tefl\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/MohammedHashiru_1-L-480x360.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"auto, (min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 800px, 100vw\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_kind_of_programs_can_use_CLIL\"><\/span>What kind of programs can use CLIL?<strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Many types of schools and programs can benefit from CLIL. Because CLIL is particularly well-suited to groups of students working together, it\u2019s ideal for K-12 classes, universities, and vocational schools, which of course are all places where students learn subjects in addition to language. But CLIL can also be used in sports and clubs, with private students (if the language teacher also has content knowledge), and in online classes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1iYth6S_DObA83bAOzwew2w9jYQZITQ1H\/view?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>Download the infographic, 6 Advantages of the Bilingual Brain Over a Monolingual One, to learn more about the positive impacts of bilingualism<\/em>.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_are_the_benefits_of_CLIL_What_kind_of_results_does_it_provide_to_learners\"><\/span>What are the benefits of CLIL? What kind of results does it provide to learners?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>If CLIL takes extra training and effort on the part of the teacher, why should they adopt this approach? The short answer is that it provides so many benefits to the students.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Students gain social and cognitive advantages as they become proficient in two languages. Studies have shown that bilingual people are, on the whole, more flexible, better problem solvers, and better communicators. In addition, learning a second language can improve a person\u2019s memory and even protect against the effects of aging on the brain.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Other benefits include a deeper understanding of the target language, mastery of a subject, improved social and critical thinking skills, and even a stronger, more flexible brain. With all of these advantages to students, why not see if you can incorporate some CLIL principles and practices into your own teaching?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>Take your bilingual education program to the next level with Bridge&#8217;s accredited <a href=\"https:\/\/bridge.edu\/tefl\/courses\/specialized\/content-language-integrated-learning\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) Specialized Certification<\/a>&nbsp;teacher training.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/em><\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bilingual education isn\u2019t just for bilingual communities. Thanks to research that shows learning a second language has benefits for just about everyone, schools all over the world are looking for [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":48,"featured_media":32758,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10,13,14],"tags":[21,625,641,360],"post-language":[],"popular_posts":[],"class_list":["post-14399","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-pedagogy","category-teach-english-abroad","category-teaching-english-online","tag-accreditation","tag-bridge-specialized-certificates","tag-teaching-methodologies","tag-tefl-certification"],"featured_image_src":"https:\/\/bridge.edu\/tefl\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/What-is-CLIL-1.jpg","author_info":{"display_name":"Dorothy Zemach","author_link":"https:\/\/bridge.edu\/tefl\/blog\/author\/dorothy-zemach\/"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bridge.edu\/tefl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14399","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bridge.edu\/tefl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bridge.edu\/tefl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bridge.edu\/tefl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/48"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bridge.edu\/tefl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14399"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/bridge.edu\/tefl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14399\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":33029,"href":"https:\/\/bridge.edu\/tefl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14399\/revisions\/33029"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bridge.edu\/tefl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/32758"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bridge.edu\/tefl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14399"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bridge.edu\/tefl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14399"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bridge.edu\/tefl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14399"},{"taxonomy":"post-language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bridge.edu\/tefl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/post-language?post=14399"},{"taxonomy":"popular_posts","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bridge.edu\/tefl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/popular_posts?post=14399"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}