IATEFL TEASIG – AI as a critical opponent: Effects on L2 writers’ warranting and argument quality

Assessing L2 students’ argumentative writing quality requires attention not only to the presence of key components including thesis, evidence, counterargument, and rebuttal, but also to the depth of reasoning that connects these elements. Many EFL students can produce structural components yet struggle to justify their claims clearly. This study investigates whether AI-mediated dialogic practice via ChatGPT 5.1 can improve argument quality in a B2-level writing course. In a quasi-experimental design, both groups receive instruction on argumentation, but the experimental group also engages in AI-supported pro–opponent exchanges in which the AI challenges claims, questions evidence, and presents counterarguments for students to rebut. Essays from both groups will be rated with an analytic rubric aligned with CEFR principles and adapted through stakeholder input. By foregrounding assessment outcomes, the study examines the potential of dialogic AI to support instructional design and evidence-based evaluation in argumentative writing.

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